What is the primary purpose of the rudder on an airplane?

• A. To control pitch
• B. To control yaw
• C. To adjust flaps
• D. To regulate airspeed

Answer: (B)

The rudder primarily controls yaw, which is the left-right movement of the airplane’s nose about the vertical axis. It’s the movable vertical surface on the tail, operated by the rudder pedals. Using the rudder helps you coordinate a turn, keep the aircraft’s nose aligned with the direction of travel, and counter adverse yaw that can occur when you roll with the ailerons. It’s also handy for maintaining a straight path in a crosswind or during certain maneuvers.

Pitch, on the other hand, is controlled by the elevator on the horizontal tail surface. Flaps are adjusted with a flap lever, which changes wing camber and lift. Airspeed is mainly controlled by throttle and overall aerodynamic conditions, not the rudder.